Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis, also known as childhood eczema, is a common skin condition that affects

infants and children. Eczema can begin when an infant is around 6 months of age, and by the age of 10, the disease will have manifested itself in most susceptible individuals.

Common symptoms are very itchy, scaly, red patches of skin, usually on their cheeks, in their elbow creases and behind their knees. It might also appear on children’s necks, bodies, hands and feet.

Dry Skin is a very common complaint in almost all those afflicted with Atopic Dermatitis.

Scratching due to itch can cause developing cracks and even bleeding. Bacterial infections like Staphylococcus and viral infections like herpes can get into the skin through these cracks. This leads to light-brown crusts, blisters or pain.

Unfortunately, the disease has an immunologic basis and is chronic and recurrent. It appears to be caused by both genetic and environmental factors.

Contact irritants as harsh soaps & detergents, microbial agents, changes in temperature, low humidity, sweating, certain foods, and stress have repeatedly been shown to trigger exacerbations.

The treatment for Atopic dermatitis starts with the avoidance of trigger factors. The disease cannot be cured, but it can be controlled. The most important pharmacological treatment is Rehydration of the skin. PFR LEVEL 1 INTENSE MOISTURISER 

Urea and lactic acid preparations have been shown to soften and moisturise dry skin. Applying a moisturiser immediately after a child bathes will hydrate the skin and increase the penetration of topically applied medications. PFR LEVEL 2 INTENSE MOISTURISER 

Compounded medications that have been useful in the treatment of Atopic dermatitis include hydrophilic ointment or a combination of tea tree oil, menthol, camphor can be used. Coal tar has anti-inflammatory properties and can be recommended as an alternative to topical corticosteroids. A compound with 5% coal tar in petrolatum often produces very good results.

Many additional dermatological complications can arise as a result of Atopic dermatitis. Younger children may develop folds around the eyes because of the oedema of the skin there. After active disease has resolved, the patient might experience post-inflammatory hypo-pigmentation or white spots for which there is no treatment. Exfoliated dry skin can plug the skin pores leading to acne-like skin eruptions in affected children.

Extensive moisturising seems to be effective in resolving those complications.